Gastro Retentive Drug Delivery System Current Chalenges and Future Perspective

Abstract

A new method of administering medications is the use of gastro-retentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS). In order to ensure site-specific release in the upper gastrointestinal tract for both local and systemic effects, their main goal is to extend a drug's residence duration in the stomach. Regular dosing is necessary because some drugs that have been absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract (usually with short half-lives) are rapidly removed from the circulatory system. Because they are only absorbed in one location, immediate release oral administration systems are the most widely used to treat illness. Density, dosage form size, and shape are among the physicochemical characteristics of GRDDS that are crucial to its formulation. High-density systems sink to the bottom of the stomach, while dose forms with a density less than the contents of the stomach can float to the top. Because they have a lower bulk density than gastric fluids, floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) float in the stomach for extended periods of time without slowing down the rate of gastric emptying. The ability of novel adhesive materials made from synthetic or bacterial fimbrae to adhere to the gut has also been investigated. Nevertheless, the stomach wall's propulsive force is greater than the gastric mucoadhesive force. The constant creation of mucus and diluting of the stomach content are further drawbacks of this type of system. Several strategies, such as floating and non-floating systems, have been developed to enhance the retention of an oral dosage form in the stomach.